offshore energy and biodiversity

Green Transition to Offshore Wind Requires Knowledge of Marine Nature

Offshore wind farms are central to the green transition and call for an understanding of how they impact the marine environment and how coexistence with marine nature is possible. Here, DTU Aqua is at the forefront with expertise in biodiversity indicators, monitoring technology, and integrating nature considerations into offshore constructions.

AI photo: Adobe Stock
  • AWESOME – integrated monitoring, contact person David Lusseau, starting 2026
  • B-USEFULL – indicators for biodiversity and ecosystems, contact person Martin Lindegren, 2022–2026 BIOREEF – biogenic reefs, contact person Jens Kjerulf Petersen, 2022–2027
  • BIOREEF – biogene reefs, Pernille Nielsen, 2022-2027 
  • COEXISTENCE – impact on the marine environment, contact person Elliot Brown
  • ECOCORP – environmental considerations in planning, contact person Christian Riisager-Simonsen, 2026–2028
  • EHFAF CAFF – impact of fisheries, contact persons Francois Bastardie and J. Rasmus Nielsen, 2024–2027
  • MARTCONNET – ecological consequences, contact person Ane Pastor Rollan, 2025–2027
  • Nid4OCEAN – nature-inclusive design, contact person David Lusseau, 2024–2027
  • SAMSKAG – impact on the ecosystem, contact person Elliot Brown, 2022–2025
  • TRANSEATION – stakeholder understanding, contact person Christian Riisager-Simonsen, 2024–2027
  • ULTFARMS – aquaculture in offshore wind farms, contact person Jens Kjerulf Petersen, 2023–2026
  • WINDDNA – biodiversity monitoring, contact person Einar Eg, 2023–2027

Learn more about the projects on DTU Aqua's webpage in the theme Offshore Windmills and biodiversity

A Current Example: Project WinDNA Tests Whether Autonomous eDNA Samplers Could Be the Future of Environmental Monitoring

In a collaboration between DTU Aqua and the energy company Ørsted, two high-tech underwater robots were deployed in spring 2024 off the coast of Esbjerg. Their purpose is to collect environmental DNA around Ørsted’s Horns Rev 2 offshore wind farm, located in the North Sea about 30 km from Esbjerg.

The project, called WinDNA, is funded by DFF and the Velux Foundation to support more innovative biodiversity monitoring at offshore wind farms.

For the first time, the project is testing the American technology company MBARI’s eDNA robot in European waters. In the ongoing WinDNA project, researchers are investigating whether an autonomous eDNA sampler—known in technical terms as an ESP—could be the answer to future environmental monitoring, a task that is growing as offshore wind farms expand.

According to Professor Einar Eg from DTU Aqua, who leads the WinDNA project, exciting data are currently coming in from the test monitoring and supplementary manually collected samples around Ørsted’s Horns Rev 2 wind farm.

The analysis is still ongoing, but: “What we can say now is that, in short, we can detect a signal from the wind farm. For example, some species such as rock gunnel, lumpsucker, and wrasse, which live around stones, are only detected inside the wind farm, while other more common species found in the surrounding sea area also show a positive association with the wind farm,” says Einar Eg, adding:

“At the same time, we can almost achieve the same level of monitoring as manual sampling with the ESP—if we dare to sail right up to the turbine foundations, known as ‘scour protection’. But overall, many samples are needed outside, inside, and across different seasons and times to make meaningful statements about biodiversity in offshore wind farms.”

Contact

Christian Riisager-Simonsen

Christian Riisager-Simonsen Academic Employee National Institute of Aquatic Resources Mobile: +45 91370058